A tracheostomy tube and an endotracheal tube are both medical devices used to manage the airway and assist with breathing in patients who require respiratory support. However, they differ in terms of their placement and purpose.

Endotracheal intubation is typically performed prior to the placement of a tracheostomy tube. An endotracheal tube and a tracheostomy tube both provide access to the airways to provide positive pressure ventilation from a ventilator. The endotracheal tube is for providing generally short-term mechanical ventilation.

Tracheostomy Tube:

A tracheostomy tube is a hollow tube that is surgically inserted directly into the trachea, below the vocal cords, through a small incision in the neck. This procedure is called a tracheostomy. The tube remains in place to provide a secure airway and facilitate breathing. Tracheostomy tubes are typically used for patients who require long-term or permanent assistance with breathing. They may be used in cases of severe respiratory failure, prolonged mechanical ventilation, or upper airway obstruction.

Key features of a tracheostomy tube include:

The tube is inserted through a surgical opening in the neck.
It has an outer cannula that remains in place while the inner cannula can be removed for cleaning.
The outer cannula is usually made of plastic or metal and has an inflatable cuff to create a seal in the trachea and prevent air leakage.
The tube is secured to the patient's neck with tapes or a tracheostomy collar.